History : Bushido background, customs and way of life.

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Bushido

The term Bushido means "Way of the Warrior", it refers to the Japanese Code of Conduct for Samurai class which is roughly equivalent to the Chivalry in European culture – subject to the very different Japanese way of life.

History
The concepts of Bushido developed organically from the 11th to the 14th centuries and not written down or codified until much later. It became part of Japanese Feudal Law under the Tokugawa Shogunate.

The very first references to what could be descibed as Bushido concepts are contained in the "Kojiki" the oldest existing Japanese book. This also contains much about the merging of the literary with the martial. Which is also mirrored in European Courtly concepts, though much later. This work also includes reference to the term "Bushi" (though that is the modern interpretation of the characters) which can be summed up as a Warrior-Poet. The term Bushi itself did not appear until Chinese literature became available widely in Japan. From the 13th century onwards there are plenty of references to Bushido ideals in Japanese literature.

See also
The band of the same name!



Bushido principles
The Samurai class filled between 7% to 10% of the population of Japan and all were required to follow Bushido. The ultimate goal of Bushido was to die with one’s honour in place and for it to be a good death.

The concept of Seppuku, ritual suicide, existed to ensure that any samurai who had lost honour, for whatever reason, and risked not dying a good death could kill themselves in such a way as to restore all their honour and have a good (but extremely painful) death.

Regardless of this potentially unpleasant end, Bushido philosophy covered all aspects of life from personal hygiene, raising o children and how one should act towards one’s dependents and superiors.

Bushido encompassed the Seven virtues:

* Rectitude (proper conduct)
* Courage (quality of spirit enabling one to face up to difficulty, danger, pain, etc)
* Benevolence (charity, acts of kindness)
* Respect (esteem for or a sense of the worth or excellence of another)
* Honesty (truthfulness, sincerity)
* Honour (integrity in one's beliefs and actions)
* Loyalty (faithful to one’s commitments or obligations)

References
Wikipedia
Bushido
The Martial Artist in Society: (Re)Discovering Bushido
Bushido: The Way of the Warrior (including the tale of the 47 Ronin)
Japan Guide
Bushido from the Japanese viewpoint

Last updated July 4, 2007 2:29 PM